智慧书

序号	标题	中文	英文
85	85	85．勿做变牌卓越的事物易被滥用。大家都垂涎于某物，就易为其烦恼。毫无用处是一件坏事，而利于万物却更糟。一些人因其常胜而败，即刻如同曾被人想望那样遭人蔑视。这种变牌存在于各种完美之中。他们失去了起初因独一无二而获得的名声并被轻视为平平。治愈极端的良药在于展示才华时以中庸为度。应极度追求完美，但展示要掌握分寸。火把愈亮，消耗愈多，持续愈短。欲获得真正的尊敬，须使人感到你是罕有人物。	85 Do not play Manille. It is a fault of excellence that being so much in use it is liable to abuse. Because all covet it, all are vexed by it. It is a great misfortune to be of use to nobody; scarcely less to be of use to everybody. People who reach this stage lose by gaining, and at last bore those who desired them before. These Manilles wear away all kinds of excellence: losing the earlier esteem of the few, they obtain discredit among the vulgar. The remedy against this extreme is to moderate your brilliance. Be extraordinary in your excellence, if you like, but be ordinary in your display of it. The more light a torch gives, the more it burns away and the nearer ’tis to going out. Show yourself less and you will be rewarded by being esteemed more.
86	86	86．阻止谣言群众是一个多头的怪物，长着多双制造恶意的眼睛，多个滥施诽谤的舌头。有时泛起的谣言使最好的名声化为乌有。如果它如同绰号一样附在你的身上，你的美名会因此消失。群众通常会对突出的弱点，或一些可笑的瑕疵感兴趣--因为这都是窃窃私语的好话题。有时是嫉妒我们的对手狡猾地凭空造出了这些瑕疵。卑鄙的嘴巴讲出的玩笑比厚颜无耻的谎言更快地将声誉毁坏。获得坏名声相当容易，因为坏事易令人相信且难以抹掉。让审慎的人避免这些，注意那些庸俗傲慢无礼的言行，因为防病胜过治病百倍。	86 Prevent Scandal. Many heads go to make the mob, and in each of them are eyes for malice to use and a tongue for detraction to wag. If a single ill report spread, it casts a blemish on your fair fame, and if it clings to you with a nickname, your reputation is in danger. Generally it is some salient defect or ridiculous trait that gives rise to the rumours. At times these are malicious additions of private envy to general distrust. For there are wicked tongues that ruin a great reputation more easily by a witty sneer than by a direct accusation. It is easy to get into bad repute, because it is easy to believe evil of anyone: it is not easy to clear yourself. The wise accordingly avoid these mischances, guarding against vulgar scandal with sedulous vigilance.It is far easier to prevent than to rectify.
87	87	87．文化和教养人生而为蛮人。文化使人超越动物之上。文化使我们成为真正的人--愈有文化，人愈伟大。希腊人据此看法将宇宙中其他人称为"蛮人"。无知等于粗野和愚鲁。没有什么比知识更能教化众生。但智慧本身若缺乏磨碾也会变得粗糙。不仅理解力，而且我们的欲望，尤其是我们的交谈，都需有教养。一些人在他们的内外天赋中，在他们的概念、言行和身体饰物（如同树皮）以及他们精神的天赋（如同果实）中展现了一种自然的教养。另外一些人则是如此粗俗，用他们那令人难以忍受的粗野的邋遢玷污了一切，甚至玷污了他们的好品质。	87 Culture and Elegance. Man is born a barbarian, and only raises himself above the beast by culture. Culture therefore makes the man; the more a man, the higher. Thanks to it, Greece could call the rest of the world barbarians. Ignorance is very raw; nothing contributes so much to culture as knowledge. But even knowledge is coarse if without elegance. Not alone must our intelligence be elegant, but our desires, and above all our conversation. Some men are naturally elegant in internal and external qualities, in their thoughts, in their address, in their dress, which is the rind of the soul, and in their talents, which is its fruit. There are others, on the other hand, so gauche that everything about them, even their very excellences, is tarnished by an intolerable and barbaric want of neatness.
88	88	88．豪爽地对待别人立志要高远。伟大的人从来不小气。当和别人交谈时，尤其当谈论的主题令人不快时，你无须兼顾各种细节。要注意一些事情，但要随意一点。把谈话变成琐碎的询问是不好的。要表现出一种彬彬有礼的、高贵的宽宏大量。那是一种风度，支配别人的一大要诀在于假装对事情漠不关心。要学会忽视发生在你的好友、熟人、特别是你的敌人中的大多数事情。过分的谨小慎微是令人不快的。如果这是你性格的一部分，你会非常令人讨厌。对不愉快的事情耿耿于怀等于是有神经病。要记住，人们通常按本性行事：与他们的心胸和能力有关。	88 Let your Behaviour be Fine and Noble. A great man ought not to be little in his behaviour. He ought never to pry too minutely into things, least of all in unpleasant matters. For though it is important to know all, it is not necessary to know all about all. One ought to act in such cases with the generosity of a gentleman, conduct worthy of a gallant man. To overlook forms a large part of the work of ruling. Most things must be left unnoticed among relatives and friends, and even among enemies. All superfluity is annoying, especially in things that annoy. To keep hovering around the object of your annoyance is a kind of mania. Generally speaking, every man behaves according to his heart and his understanding.
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